Swimming pools are used for various types of swimming and water sports. Swimming pools may be a standalone pool or a pool that is part of a larger structure. Pools come in many shapes, sizes and materials.
To ensure that the water is safe for swimming, the pool must be sanitized and chlorinated. If it is not, bacteria will contaminate the water and pose a risk to the swimmers.
The amount of calcium dissolved in the water is a key factor in determining the quality of a swimming pool. High levels will leave stains and scale on the surface of the pool.
Some pools use an insulated vinyl cover to minimize evaporation. Since 2006, insulated vinyl covers are mandatory in parts of Australia.
Another method of reducing evaporation is the use of floating objects. These devices may be made of a thick material designed to withstand the effects of wind and ultraviolet radiation.
In addition, a filtration system is usually installed outside the pool. This system may include a sand filter or rechlorination.
A pH test should be done before the first swim. pH levels between 7 and 7.6 indicate neutral and alkaline water. Evaporation, heavy rain and the number of swimmers in the pool can affect the pH.
The International Swimming Federation (ISAF) sets the standards for competition pools. They must meet a variety of requirements, including having a specific backstroke flag placement, lane rope color and 1500 lux lighting.